Radiator



Feb. 14, 1933. 'DQUQET 1,897,113

RADIATOR Filed June 2, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1

HI mg Feb. 14, 1933. I E, DQUCET 1,897,113

RADIATOR Filed June 2, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Wi t #7078 fimdnl zlr 'efzaaa z Patented. Feb. 14, 1933 PATENT OFFICE EDMOND GABRIEL DOUGET, OF RHEIMS, FRANCE RADIATOR Application filed .Tune 2, 1930, Serial No. 459,006, and in France June 6, 1929.

This invention relates to the construction of sheet metal radiators for use in central hotwater heating systems.

Such sheet metal radiators as are available now are designed on the same lines as the conventional types of grey iron radiators as regards both the individual elements and the apparatus as a whole.

As a result of this twofold observation, the technical operation is the same in both cases as far as the transmission of heat to the air and the hot water flow are concerned.

If we consider one such radiator of existing type (of sheet-metal or grey iron construction) in position against the wall of a room, it Will appear as .an aggregate of vertical heating surfaces arranged perpendicularly .to the wall, which surfaces are connected to one anotherat the top and bottom thereof to form inlet and outlet manifolds which are arranged in parallel relation to the wall.

The horizontal dimension of the heating surfaces in the direction perpendicular to the inlet and outlet manifolds is generally much less than one foot.

In the sheet-metal construction of the apparatus which provides the subject matter of this invention, the standard arrangement as above referred to is reversed, that is, the vertical heating surfaces are arranged in parallel relation to the wall while the manifolds built up thereby are arranged perpendicularly to the wall.

In the embodiments which are to be der scribed by way of example the heatingsurfaces consist of a pair of large-surface continuous metal sheets connected to one another so as to provide substantially fiat elements through which the water is to be circu- O lated; for the purpose of the following specification such heating surfaces will be referred to as heating plates, which is a conventional term adopted in other arts.

In the last paragraph but one there has 5 been pointed out that the arrangement of the heating plates in parallel relation to the wall does away with practically any limitation of their horizontal dimension.

A number of particular characteristic advantages may now be pointed out The use of sheet metal as a material will allow extremely fiat heating plates to be produced in practically unlimited dimensions, which gives the possibility of alower cost of manufacture at equal heating capacities.

The use of the sheet-metal construction will allow, in order that the heat units avail able in the circulating watermay be utilized to the best advantage, stamping operations to be used to obtain those'shapes which are the most favorable to the transmission of heat, both from the water in circulation to the plate walls and from the latter to the air.

In the case of a pair of adjacent plates and as a result of their vertical arrangement and the continuousness of the individual metal sheets, a passage will be formed by said pair through which the air, by increasing temperature, will take up a vertical upward speed which may be converted into a horizontal speed by means of baffles suitably arrangedon the outlet side above the apparatus.

Figure 1 represents the front elevational View of one embodiment of my heating plate.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the heating plate shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side View similar to Fig. 2 without the longitudinal corrugations shown in Figsland i p 7 4 is a plan view of the heating shown in Fig. 1.

Figs. 5, 8, 10, 12 and 15 arefront elevational views similar to Fig. 1 of other em bodiments of my heating plate. i

Figs. 6, 9, 11, 18 and 16 are side views respectively of Figs. 5, 8, 10, 12 and 15.

7 is a plan view of the heating plate shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the heating plate shown in Fig. 12. w

Fig. 17 is a plan view of the heating plate shown in Fig. 1.5.

Fig. 18 is a side view of a complete radiator constructed in accordance with my invention in position against a wall and floor, the latter being shown in sections.

The said views 1, 5, 8, 10, 12, and 15, as shown, have thesame overall dimensions; the inlets for warm water and outlets forthe cooled down water are shown as similar in plate 9 heating plate; asaresult of the provision of such ribs 011a levelwith each other,rthe hot construction; the same reference characters a 72,0 d, e f, g' h are used to designate regions.

of similar functions (hot;water inlet, main heating surface,-cold water outlet) in all the figures. r

The drawings are of diagrammatical character in order-thatthe featuresof theinvention may be more clearly pointed out as a repressed me sh ts h vi gab.h'g'

sult of an easier comparison of the six embodiments shown.

Figure 1 isa front elevational View of a heating plate characterized in that a horizontal cross section taken through anyone of the three regions (a b d, 0 cl@ f, e f-g h)'issimilar'."

TfThe saidplate is composed of a pair of theirapparent contour, arranged face to face r and joinedto each other by any suitable method providing-a.water=tight joint; the sheets. inilhe pair are so shaped that their faces are in very closelrelati'on to-"eachiother,

thusproviding a hollow body'of very flat con-; struction, in order that the hot water in circulationgmay be used'gunder a very thin layer. The'hot Qwaterflows in at corner a while the cooled down waterfiows outat corner h. V CQrltespOnding'io linesc-al, e7- are ribs pressed in both 'metal sheets providing. the

water which flows in at a is throttled' at ccZ 1 before it enters the medial cavity 0def;

likewise, the waterin the medial cavity is throttled at e.fgon flowing therefrom into the cold water outlet region efvgh.

=for1n stoppartitions.

1 duced in the medial portion comparatively 7 there may be'provided a-s'e'ries' of abutting ribs on each of lines ccl and .eI-f, 'a free passage being afforded tothe water between" any two consecutive pairs of ribs; r

,Figure 5Vis a front. elevational view of a heating plate characterized in that the water is guided down the medial region crZ.-ef by. vertical pressed ribs mf n arranged face to face (which may or may not engage each other). and which arelimited at the top-and bottom ends of their length bylines cjcl and 7. which have the same function as in the last mentionedembodiment.

In this 'modificationsthe:vertical ribs ,may end in short horizontal ribsbetweenwhich the water may freely flow into the medial cavity.

jIt isto be noted that in the embodiment as shown in Fig. 5 "the cross section available for; the water flow is not substantially oreto the upperland lower regions. 7 v

*;F 1gure 81's affront"elevationalview of a heating plate characterized in that the temperature progressivity from the bottom to the top is obtained by meansof horizontal baffles z'j, pZ which are assumed to be provided by companion ribs acting as stop partitions,- a wide'unobstructed passage being left wherever the flow is reversed. Preferably, these bafiies are of sectional construction, as shown in the drawings In this embodiment, cross sections taken anywhere but on "the bafliesaare all similar.

Figure 10 shows by way of example a heating plate characterized in that the sheetmetal members areso formed in the medial region cdfe thereof that their faces are in closer relation tofleach other than-in the embodiments described h'ereinabove, so that the water may-circulate therebetween'in the form of a'water film. V

- As a provisionagainst possible objectionable defects, verticalribsop protruding by an amount equal to the spacing of'the walls ensure on one hand the. necessary parallel ism ofboth walls and on the otherhand the maintenance of the same as aresultoftheir being'spot-welded to each other at suitable places. 7 7

' Such-ribs will act as guides for the vertical flow ofrthe liquid streams.

Where such heating plates are built'up into" elements, plain metal sheets 'w-'- v are arranged between the plates whereby th enlarged passage provided between each pair of adjacentrmedial 'portions is divided into two equal passages. The said metallsheets. are fitted on both faces thereof with a series ofvertical ribs (or any like members adapted to secure the same result) by which the heating plates are braced to each other at their medial regions. v v Figures 12 and 15,.show twocharacteristic modifications of the preceding embodiment. In the first, modification, vthe narrowing of. the passage all over the height of theimedial region is obtained by means of pressed-out:

vertical corrugations 9 1", the directing fsi v nusoidghavinga very short pitch I p In the second modification, the narrow ng .is obtained by means of horizontal corrugations s -tfexte nding allover the length and height of the medial region; here, the'directing sinusoid has a very long pitch.

.Figure 18 shows 'a lateral viewof a comf, plete radiator, that. is. one built up of a plurality; of heating plates assembled with one another, EThe view is the same regardless of the ,type of heating plate selected. a. The drawings are completedby the indie cation of a floor andva wall, and also that of the; airrdirecting'baffles. In the figure,'as anexample of the way which the apparatus may be mounted, the water feed. valve is shown as connectedi'either through apipe madet ffcast iron or other su'itable material, or directlyto the duct ofrelatively large diameter which serves the twofold purpose of water circulation and unit assembly; the arrangement is the same, however without a valve, as far as the cold water olltake is concerned (pipe g g moreover, as shown, the pipes x-m and g are formed with a plurality of equally spaced rectangular openings 2 in which the corners of the heating plates are adapted to be tailed in where the same are provided with openings: it is only necessary to properly weld the joints to produce the unit given as an example in its commercial condition.

Each pipe is fitted at its end next to the wall with a suitable pipe union by which it is connected to the related main. and at the opposite end with a cap; a suitable tie-rod '10 adapted to be screwed in a tapped hole pro vided in a boss centrally located in the pipe union allows the direct tightening of the whole structure (pipe union, pipe, cap) by means of a nut.

It is to be understood that the heating plates shown in Figs. 1 to 18 (having a hori zontal dimension which is large relatively to the vertical dimension) may be embodied along the same principles in apparatus designed on the same lines as the conventional type of cast iron radiators.

It has repeatedly been specified in the description that stamping operations are employed for the shaping of either the heating plate or the water-circulating or the airguiding members. In fact, such manufacturing process allows very narrow passageways to be obtained practically with the necessary degree of accuracy.

As regards the butt-jointing of the heating plate halves, any method of welding will be used where the metal sheet is of suitable gauge; however, where thin sheet metal is employed, clasp-jointing will be resorted to, together with a continuous galvanizing process intended to seal up the joints.

The spot-welding process mentioned with reference to one particular embodiment how ever is of general character; for the sake of simplicity it has not been mentioned elsewhere, nor has it been shown anywhere.

I claim:

1. A hot water radiator, comprising an upper intake conduit for water, a lower outlet conduit for water, parallel and vertical hollow heating plates between said conduits and communicating therewith, said hollow heating plates being ribbed to provide a restricted portion for the flow of the water, sheets between the plates and parallel therewith, and means for controlling the circulation of water in the plates.

2. A radiator as set forth in claim 1, Wherein the ribs are staggered horizontally.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

EDMOND GABRIEL DOUCET. 

